Environmental Optimization Activities Depending on the Stress of Urbanized Floodplain-Channel Small Rivers’ Complexes

Abstract

Environmental optimization as development and implementation of programs that include a complex of environmental engineering activities become a mechanism, capable of improving the ecological state of small rivers of large cities territory. First of all, it is necessary to conduct an integrated environmental assessment of floodplain-channel complexes of small rivers in urban areas to substantiate recommendations for environmental optimization, engineering activities to reduce environmental stress. The article proposes a classification of environmental optimization activities depending on the environmental stress of flood plain-channel small rivers’ complexes of urbanized territories. There are restoration, environmental rehabilitation, reconstruction, conservation and liquidation. Definitions, types of work and their examples are given taking into account Russian and foreign experiences. As an example, the conservation’s use of the floodplain-channel part of the small river Yeltsovka-1 in the city of Novosibirsk is proposed. The main sources of the strong environmental stress of the open section of the river are given, and also activities to conservation and environmental rehabilitation of the river. Later this section of the Yeltsovka-1 River can be used as a recreational area for the rest of the population, which will increase the attractiveness of a nearby residential area.