Environmental journalism: international experience and Ukrainian realities

Abstract

Introduction . The article is devoted to environmental journalism – a branch of journalism that is actively developing in a world where one of the strategic goals of sustainable development is ecology, sustainable use of nature, biodiversity sustainability. The goals can be achieved when people are aware of the planet health, sustainable development and the fight against climate change, which is why environmental journalists are actively promoting it. Methods . A number of general scientific and linguistic methods were used in the study. In particular, methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction and induction, descriptive method was used to substantiate the theoretical basis of research and generalize observations. A comparative method was used to compare the most common topics of ecological journalism. The functions of ecological journalism are determined with the help of communicative-pragmatic analysis method. Results and discussion. Environmental journalism has different representativeness and experience of functioning in the world media space, but it is developing rapidly. It was found that the thematic orientation of journalistic works both in Ukraine and abroad is similar, which is due to irrational and careless use of natural resources, careless attitude to the environment, and the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals. The principle of exhaustiveness based on the ethics of biocentrism and the principles of sustainable development should be a priority in the coverage of environmental issues. The scope of the concept of "environmental information", normative principles and practice of using the terms "information on the state of surrounding natural environment", "information on the environment state" and "environmental information" were analyzed, specialized sources of environmental information were considered (online publications and platforms with ecological information); the thematic orientation of Ukrainian and foreign eco-journalism was compared; the functions of eco-journalism (informational, control, educational, educational, organizational, recreational) were determined, the issues of training specialists in eco-journalism were covered. We see prospects for further research in determining the directions of Ukrainian environmental journalism in studying the genre features of publications on ecological issues, their external and internal structure, in identifying the specifics of environmental information in journalistic texts, in clarifying the sociality.