Abstract
Large-scale nature-based solutions (NBS) contribute to the change in large-scale landscapes and ecosystems for which continuous monitoring activities would be necessary to reflect the constantly changing environment. To fill the existing gap in the design-making process of implementing NBS, a framework that incorporates the landscape dynamics into the design of NBS is expedient and beneficial. This research addresses the above knowledge gap and presents a practically applicable framework for large-scale NBS that incorporates landscape dynamics into the design of NBS. To amplify the power of stakeholders’ involvement and evidence-based knowledge (i.e., field experiences and literature reports), the framework developed in this study was evaluated on a case-study site in Odense area, Denmark, within the EU-funded RECONECT project. Furthermore, this study also addresses the relationship between landscape dynamics and biodiversity by performing a detailed literature review. The results obtained from this work demonstrate that the framework developed can be applied to existing large-scale NBS and it has the potential to recommend guidelines during the planning and design step of large-scale NBS.
Highlights
Accepted: 19 May 2021Nature-based solutions (NBS) are one of the most promising climate adaptation strategies in Europe [1], which has proven advantages to reduce flood risk and provide co-benefits [2]
Since large-scale nature-based solutions (NBS) usually contribute to changes in ecosystems and biodiversity, a variety of relationships between the implementing interventions and changing factors should be studied in the design process to consider the key, yet representative, parameters/variables that should be monitored in the environment [7]
The implementation of large-scale NBS contributes to changes in ecosystems and biodiversity; the linkage between biodiversity patterns and dynamic landscapes was inferred by performing a literature study
Summary
Nature-based solutions (NBS) are one of the most promising climate adaptation strategies in Europe [1], which has proven advantages to reduce flood risk and provide co-benefits [2]. Since large-scale NBS usually contribute to changes in ecosystems and biodiversity, a variety of relationships between the implementing interventions and changing factors should be studied in the design process to consider the key, yet representative, parameters/variables that should be monitored in the environment [7]. The specific objectives of this research can be stated as follows: (1) to study the relationship between landscape dynamics and biodiversity patterns, (2) to conceptualize and develop a framework that incorporates the landscape dynamics and biodiversity into the design of large-scale NBS, and (3) to evaluate the framework in a case study area For this purpose, the case of Odense area in Denmark, which is a coastal area in the EC-funded RECONECT project, was selected
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