Environmental control: from inertia of the standard biomonitoring to speed of the online one

Abstract

Standard biomonitoring system based on sampling technology is not capable of efficient environmental control and ecosystem protection from anthropogenic impacts and followed degradation because of its extremely delayed response to any environmental changes and pollution first of all. Contemporary approach to ecological biomonitoring turns to on-line control of environmental safety. New online technologies and systems of ecological control based on monitoring of the activity parameters in some species-biosensors have been intensively introduced in many countries since 90s as biological early warning systems (BEWS) such as Musselmonitor. The next step is the development of up-to-date technology from simple BEWS to online biosensor monitoring (OBM) in natural ecosystems as a promising tool for immediate detecting of environmental changes and aquatic toxicity in particular. The first technology of online ecological monitoring has been developed in MMBI (1985-2016) from basic to applied research. It was established, that to obtain the reliable OBM technology the background behavior must be properly investigated for long time prior to online-biomonitoring implementation in the field. Nowadays the main task for online biosensor monitoring is the bioindication technology for recognizing of any harm pollution effects online in any time span.