Abstract
Abstract The article outlines the main problems that the cement industry causes to the environment. Authors propose technological solutions aimed at resource-saving in cement production and environmental protection. The research is devoted to low-energy cement obtained on the basis of waste from processing skarn-magnetite ores. The characteristics of the composition and properties of the technogenic material are given. The authors have justified the feasibility of using skarn-magnetite ore enrichment waste as a part of a cement raw material mixture. The possibility of changing the composition of cement by reducing the energy-intensive alite phase is demonstrated. Technological and heat engineering calculations confirming the reduction of natural mineral raw materials and fuel costs in the production of cement were carried out. The processes of hydration of the developed cements have been investigated. A method for accelerating the hardening of low-base cements due to mechanical activation, the introduction of mineral additives and a modifier is proposed. The research revealed construction and technological advantages of the developed cements, which exhibit increased resistance during operation in an aggressive environment. Physical and mechanical tests of concretes made of low-base cement were carried out. The possibility of reducing the temperature during the heat treatment of concrete is proved. Physical and mechanical tests of concretes made of low-base cement were carried out. The paper presents environmental benefits of the developed cement technology.
Highlights
The socio-economic development of modern society is closely related with the environmental situation and depends on nature for the use of materials, fuel and electricity.The construction industry develops dynamically
The composition of cement clinkers is evaluated by the value of the saturation coefficient (SC), which characterizes the degree of binding of silica with calcium oxide, the ratio between the main phases of alite C3S and belite C2S
Significant savings in fuel and energy resources are achieved by reducing the basicity of Portland cement clinker and by reducing the energy-intensive phase of alite in the clinker to 30–40 %
Summary
The socio-economic development of modern society is closely related with the environmental situation and depends on nature for the use of materials, fuel and electricity. The construction sector occupies a leading position among other industries in terms of the use of natural resources. Intensive extraction and processing of raw materials for the production of building materials leads to irreplaceable depletion of the earth interior and pollution of the human habitat. Resource-saving problems determine a high relevance of the environmental assessment of construction technologies. Effective solution of environmental problems is an important criterion for the advancement of technological methods
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