Environmental Aspects of Dental Implantation in a Large Industrial Center (On the Example of Volgograd)

Abstract

Dental implantation is a method widely used in dental practice, based on the process of osseointegration – the formation of a strong connection between the inserted implant and the bone tissue. The use of these implants has a number of problems with the osseointegration process associated primarily with the development of pathogenic microflora and possible damage. To combat these difficulties, various materials are being developed for coating implants with the addition of bioactive elements, which reduce the possibility of infection by pathogenic microorganisms, as well as increase strength, improve osseointegration and biocompatibility of implants with bone tissue. The most effective coatings at the moment are hydroxyapatite and calcium triphosphate, using such bioactive elements as growth factors and components of the bone matrix, as well as chitosan, silver and gold salts. When using dental implants, monitoring of osseointegration is necessary to minimize bone loss, and fluoroscopy is the most suitable method for this. The state of the environment has a strong impact on the health of citizens. Volgograd has a high level of environmental pollution, which directly affects the frequency of diseases, including diseases of the oral cavity and teeth. According to the statistics of people visiting dental hospitals, the values in the Krasnoarmeyskiy region exceed, while the number of implants installed per year in this region is low and amounts to 1500, while in the Voroshilovskiy region, with the number of patients being half as much, the number of implants is more than 1000 all associated with the increased use of surgical services for the extraction of teeth in the area. Key words: dental implantation, osseointegration, ecology, environmental pollution, health level.