Entropy Minimization on Sutterby Nanofluid past a Stretching Surface with Swimming of Gyrotactic Microorganisms and Nanoparticles

Abstract

This analysis examines the flow of Sutterby nanofluid having bioconvection due to a stretching sheet and heated convective boundary condition. The heat sink/source was imposed in terms of the energy equation. The entropy minimization is also considered. Through the appropriate transformation of the system of nonlinear PDE’s setting, the existing problem has altered into nonlinear ODEs and then numerically utilized via the bvp4c method. The numerical values of skin friction, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and motile density profiles are revealed in a tabular form. In comparison, other governing variables on velocity, temperature, concentration, and bioconvection are seen through various plots and discussed. For example, increment in the Deborah number of heat flux depreciated in temperature distribution while opposite observation was carried out for heat source and sink parameter. Moreover, it has also been investigated that the shear-thinning fluid is entirely reverse to that of the shear thickening fluid. Further, the increase in the magnetic number accelerates in the Bejan number and irreversibility ratio. Finally, the comparison has been made with previous literature and found an excellent agreement.