Entropy Generation and Consequences of Binary Chemical Reaction on MHD Darcy-Forchheimer Williamson Nanofluid Flow Over Non-Linearly Stretching Surface.

Ghulam Rasool,Gullnaz Shahzadi,Anum Shafiq,Ali J Chamkha,Iskander Tlili,Ting Zhang

doi:10.3390/e22010018

Abstract

The current article aims to present a numerical analysis of MHD Williamson nanofluid flow maintained to flow through porous medium bounded by a non-linearly stretching flat surface. The second law of thermodynamics was applied to analyze the fluid flow, heat and mass transport as well as the aspects of entropy generation using Buongiorno model. Thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion is considered which appears due to the concentration and random motion of nanoparticles in base fluid, respectively. Uniform magnetic effect is induced but the assumption of tiny magnetic Reynolds number results in zero magnetic induction. The governing equations (PDEs) are transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using appropriately adjusted transformations. The numerical method is used for solving the so-formulated highly nonlinear problem. The graphical presentation of results highlights that the heat flux receives enhancement for augmented Brownian diffusion. The Bejan number is found to be increasing with a larger Weissenberg number. The tabulated results for skin-friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are given. A decent agreement is noted in the results when compared with previously published literature on Williamson nanofluids.

Highlights

IntroductionThe most recent class of fluids is called nanofluids, which was introduced by Choi [1] in early 1995
Based on their properties, over the years, the fluids have been categorized into sub-categories.The most recent class of fluids is called nanofluids, which was introduced by Choi [1] in early 1995.Such fluids are a colloidal mixture of metallic nano-size particles and a base fluid
The Lorentz forces generated by the Riga plate are active contributors to the fluid flow, heat, and mass transport in the said formulation

Summary

Introduction

The most recent class of fluids is called nanofluids, which was introduced by Choi [1] in early 1995. Such fluids are a colloidal mixture of metallic nano-size particles and a base fluid. The metallic ingredients help in improvement of the thermo-physical properties of fluid under consideration. The nano-size of the particles allows us to consider the whole saturation as a fluid, called nanofluids, that complies with the definition of non-Newtonian fluids. Numerous research articles were reported discussing different properties in different industrial, engineering, physical, and mathematical aspects. Rasool and Zhang [2] reported a steady incompressible radiative flow of nanofluids over Riga surface.

Methods

Results

Conclusion