Abstract
The most favorable gift of modern science is nanofluid. The nanofluid can able to move freely through micro channels with the spreading of nanoparticles. Due to improved convection between the base liquid surfaces and nanoparticles, the nano suspensions express high thermal conductivity. Also, the benefits of suspending nanoparticles in base fluids are increased heat capacity, surface area, effective thermal conductivity, collision, and interaction among particles. This research aim to study squeezing flow of carbon nanotubes based on water (H2O) in rotating channels. Entropy generation is evaluated and for this purpose, second law of thermodynamics is employed. The influences of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and applied magnetic field on nanofluid are taken into account. The flow of the nanofluid is considered in unsteady three dimensions. The transformed ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are solved by homotopy analysis method with the help of similarity variables. Results obtained for single and multi-wall carbon nanotubes are compared. Plots have been presented in order to examine how the velocities, temperature, and entropy profiles become affected by numerous physical parameters. Generally, the velocity profiles escalate when the upper plate of the channel moves toward the lower stretching one and reduces when the upper plate is moving away from the lower one. The velocity profile in y-direction escalates with the escalation in nanoparticle volume fraction and suction parameter while the rotation parameter bids dual behavior with the escalating values. The velocity profile in x-direction bids the oscillatory behavior with the enhancement in nanoparticle volume fraction, rotation parameter, and magnetic parameter. The physical properties of carbon nanotubes, thermo physical properties of carbon nanotubes and nanofluid of some base fluids, and thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes with different volume fractions are shown through tables.
Highlights
The goal of many investigators is to examine the nanotechnology which was presented by Choi[1] in 1995
We have briefly studied the influence of emerging parameters and non-dimensional numbers on linear and angular velocity functions (f (l), f 0(l), g(l)), temperature function (u(l)), entropy generation (Ns), Bejan number (Be), skin fraction coefficient (Cf Rex1=2) and local Nusselt number (NuRex1=2) for both single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) based on water (H2O)
With the difference that g(l) in the case of SWCNTs has been reduced more those of MWCNTs
Summary
The goal of many investigators is to examine the nanotechnology which was presented by Choi[1] in 1995. The related study about entropy generation can be seen in the literature.[32,33,34,35] The flow of nanoparticles in a rotating system through entropy generation has been examined by Hayat et al.[36] The flow of nanofluids with spherical heat source/sink through entropy generation has been examined by Nouri et al.[37] Over a stretching surface, the flow of Jeffery nanofluids through entropy generation has been examined by Dalir et al.[38] The unsteady squeezing flow of viscous fluid through entropy generation has been examined by Ahmed et al.[39] The related studies about entropy generation can be seen in Rashidi et al.[40,41,42] Afridi et al.[43] investigated the second law analysis of boundary layer flow with energy dissipation and variable fluid properties over an exponentially stretching sheet through entropy generation They found that entropy generation can be minimizing by escalating viscosity parameter and reducing the operating temperature. To solve equations (16)–(18) with the boundary condition (19), we use HAM with the succeeding process
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