Abstract
Jean-Pierre Goubert : Between the old regime and the Revolution, how surgeons saw themselves. At the end of 1790 the French sanitary committee launched an investigation into the practice of surgery, the hundred or so replies to which are the source of this article. An analysis of these replies shows how master surgeons, a relatively heterogeneous profession, saw the question of their autonomy at a crucial time which was favourable to far-reaching reforms. A small minority of them called for reforms but the great majority simply rejected a number of long-standing obvious "abuses" and wished to improve the standard of training and enhance the profession's status. These replies provided the sanitary committee with material for debate, and arguments for the champions of "change".
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