Entanglement under equilibrium establishing in spin systems subjected to radiofrequency field

Abstract

We study the entanglement evolution in a dipolar-coupled spin system irradiated by a radiofrequency (RF) field in quasi-equilibrium state characterized by a two-temperature density matrix. Process of the establishment of equilibrium is in the equalization of these temperatures. The method of the nonequilibrium statistical operator in a rotating frame is used to describe the evolution of the spin system. It is shown that the equilibrium establishment has nonexponential character, and the time needed for this establishment depends strongly on the RF field strength. Particularly, the weak RF irradiation increases the lifetime of entanglement. Temporal and temperature dependencies of the concurrence of spin pairs are obtained and discussed. It is shown that application of RF field increases the time of the equilibrium establishment (up to order of 1,000 times) and lifetime of the existence of entangled states (up to order of 1,000 times). Thus, with the help of RF irradiation, we can govern the relaxation process and control entanglement in the system. The obtained results can be used for analysis of more complex spin systems because dipole---dipole interaction decreases proportionally to inverse third power of the distance between the spins, and influence of far way spins can be negligible.