Abstract
Russia has gained a lot of experience in operating the space suits (SS) during the extravehicular activities (EVA) by the crews of SALYUT-6, SALYUT-7 and MIR orbiting stations. A total of 21 Orlan-type space suits of various models were operated onboard the orbiting stations (OS) during almost 20 years period. Some of these space suits served up to 3 years in orbit. The paper reviews special features of long SS operation (without return to the Earth) onboard an orbiting station as well as the problems associated with SS repeated use by several crews. An analysis of measures to support solving of the problems of SS long stay and reliable operation onboard the orbiting station is made: • selection of a corresponding SS type and separate elements design • selection of the materials • routine and preventive maintenance • development tests. The advantages of the space suit of a semirigid type for solving the above problems are shown. The paper includes a short analysis of space suits' operation onboard the Russian orbiting station MIR, and some results of inspection of the Orian-DMA space suit returned to the Earth from orbit by STS-79 after long operation in orbit. Recommendations on further improvement of the space suits for EVA operations in the International Space Station (ISS) are given.
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