Abstract

This research examines BPJS Kesehatan as a mechanism for fulfilling the right to health, Indonesia's responsibilities in ensuring this right, and the realization of health rights for citizens abroad within the framework of human rights theory. Using a normative legal research method based on literature review, the study concludes that Indonesia’s social security system operates through a social insurance model aimed at protecting all Indonesian citizens under an insurance system to meet their basic health needs. While healthcare services have been prioritized, other critical health-related prerequisites—such as access to clean drinking water, adequate sanitation, sufficient nutrition, health information, environmental health, and workplace health—still require further attention. This highlights that the state’s efforts to fulfill health rights aim to enable citizens to lead a decent and mentally fulfilling life.

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