Enrichment of Sevoflurane and Propofol After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Hub Genes Analysis: An Integrated Bioinformatics Study

Abstract

Background: Internationally, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is acknowledged as the most efficient way to treat coronary heart disease. In the CABG, sevoflurane and propofol are both used. For patients scheduled for an off-pump CABG, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the anaesthetic gas sevoflurane and the intravenous anaesthetic propofol groups were investigated and compared in this study. Methods: First, DEGs were discovered using the Gene Expression Omnibus-retrieved gene expression profile (GSE129562) (GEO). Additionally, GO (Gene Ontology) function and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the DEGs. Thirdly, protein–protein interactions (PPIs) for the DEGs were created. Results: In the anaesthetic gas sevoflurane group, our investigation identified a total of 1710 DEGs, of which 1320 genes were up-regulated and 390 genes were down-regulated. The top three DEGs in the protein–protein network with the highest degrees are JUN, RELA, and HDAC1. In the intravenous anaesthetic propofol group, our investigation identified a total of 195 DEGs, of which 37 genes were up-regulated and 158 genes were down-regulated. The three DEGs with the highest degrees in the protein–protein network are JUN, FOS, and JUND. These DEGs were shown to be enriched in various keywords and pathways in the anaesthetic gas sevoflurane category or in the intravenous anaesthetic propofol group, according to GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis. JUN is the gene that these two groups have in common. However, the DEGs in the most significant module clearly distinguish among these 2 categories. Conclusion: Our findings show that certain DEGs may have an impact on patients scheduled for off-pump CABG in the sevoflurane gas anesthetic group and the propofol intravenous anesthetic group. These findings may aid future research into the molecular processes and biomarkers.