Enrichment Factors of Soil-Se in the Farmland in Shizuishan City, Ningxia

Abstract

Shizuishan is a typical exhausted resources-based city in the northern area of the Ningxia Hui autonomous region in China. In order to develop the planting industry of selenium (Se)-rich agricultural products and promote green and sustainable urban development and transformation, investigations on the quality of Se-rich land were carried out in Shizuishan City, where 7399 surface soil (0-20 cm) samples of farmlands, 30 atmospheric precipitation samples, and nine parent rocks were collected. By means of semi variogram model construction by GS+, Kriging interpolation in ArcGIS and statistics via SPSS, such as correlation analysis and mean-value analysis, the content, spatial distribution, and enrichment factors of Se-soil were analyzed. Further, the enrichment characteristics of soil Se in alkaline conditions were summarized. The results indicated that ω(Se) in surface soil was (0.26±0.12) mg·kg-1, and its spatial distribution was highly auto-correlated. The variation in Se content was related to natural factors. Along Helan Mountain, the content of Se in the surface soil was comparatively higher than that where coal mines were located. The parent rock was the principal factor that controlled the enrichment of soil Se. The physical and chemical properties of soil such as organic material, pH, and iron and manganese oxides had crucial effects on the enrichment of soil Se in a surficial environment. Compared to a strong alkaline environment, alkaline conditions were beneficial for the enrichment of Se in the surface soil.