Enhancing the Energy Parameter of Leach Protocol For Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

This paper presents a very new version of LEACH protocol, called as modified LEACH (MOD_LEACH), which focuses more on reducing the energy consumption within the Wireless Sensor Network. We evaluate both LEACH and LEACH-C through extensive simulation using NS-2.35 and the results shows that MOD_LEACH performs better and more energy efficiency than LEACH protocol. Index Terms:- cluster, LEACH protocol, wireless sensor networks, routing protocol, MOD_LEACH I. INTRODUCTION 1 HE Wireless Sensor Network consists of nearly about hundred and thousands of small tiny devices, which are distributed autonomously, called as sensor nodes. These nodes used to monitor physical or environmental conditions such as temperature, acoustics, sound, pressure, vibration and motion. Since the nodes are battery operated, the energy plays an important role in WSN. As a result, many more protocols have been proposed for initializing the energy consumption of these sensor nodes. Typically, each and every node in a sensor network consists of one or more sensors, a radio transceiver or other wireless communication devices, a very small microcontroller and the energy source. As in most of the cases of WSN applications, energy plays an important role, since energy source is a battery. The important goal is preserving the consumed energy of each node, which should be considered, while making a routing protocol for wireless sensor network. In WSN the main objective behind the routing protocol is to make the network more useful and much efficient. Routing protocol is categorized into 3 parts based on the structure of network, which are flat routing, hierarchical routing and location based routing. In flat routing, for collecting or generating the data and routing to the destination, all the sensor nodes of the network performs the same functionality and works together. The directed diffusion protocol and (SPIN) Sensor Protocol for Information via Negotiations protocol are some of the examples which belongs to this flat routing. In the hierarchical routing, the whole network is partitioned into many clusters for the improvement of scalability and utilization of the energy of the nodes efficiently. LEACH protocol is an example for this. Whereas in location based routing, each and every nodes locations are monitored continuously, for finding the routing path for the communication purpose. Global Positioning System (GPS) devices are used along with network nodes. Examples are GRS (Geographic Adaptive Routing). Many routing protocol have been proposed in the literature such as LEACH protocol. LEACH is Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy. It is considered as the very most popular routing protocol which uses the cluster based routing for minimizing the energy consumption. In this paper we propose an enhanced LEACH protocol that will further improve the consumption and making it energy efficient. In section 2 we discuss in details the Leach protocol, section 3 the disadvantages of the Leach protocol, section 4 contains related work, in section 5 we introduce our proposed protocol MOD_LEACH protocol and in section 6 we conclude the paper.