Abstract
Polyimide (PI) fibers have outstanding thermal stability and mechanical properties, but are difficult to dye with disperse and basic dyes. In this work, it was proposed to use N-methylformanilide (MFA), phenoxyisopropanol (PIP), and acetophenone (AP) as swelling agents to enhance the dyeability of PI fibers. The PI fibers treated with swelling agents were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis, scanning electronic microscopy, tensile testing, and crystalline analysis. It was found that the swelling agents penetrated into the PI fibers in amounts greater than 10% (pertaining to the weight of PI fibers). The swelling agents did not really swell the PI fibers, but broke the interaction forces between the PI macromolecules. With the assistance of swelling agent, the PI fibers could be dyed with disperse and basic dyes in strong color strengths. AP exhibited the best performance for enhancing the dyeability of PI fibers, followed by MFA and PIP. The dyed PI fibers were found to have good colorfastness to washing.
Highlights
Aromatic Polyimides (PIs) are a series of heterocyclic polymers synthesized by polycondensation of dianhydrides with diamines, and exhibit excellent thermal stability because of their cyclic and rigid molecular chain backbones [1–3]
Two peaks were observed on the differential thermal gravimetric analysis (DTG) curves of PI fibers treated with swelling agents, respectively, being ascribed the vaporization of swelling agents from fibers treated with swelling agents, respectively, beingtoascribed to the vaporization of swelling the fibers and the pyrolysis of agents from the PI fibers and the pyrolysis of PI fibers
It was found that swelling agents could penetrate into the PI fibers in amounts greater than 10%
Summary
Aromatic Polyimides (PIs) are a series of heterocyclic polymers synthesized by polycondensation of dianhydrides with diamines, and exhibit excellent thermal stability because of their cyclic and rigid molecular chain backbones [1–3]. A facile approach to coloration of PI fibers is dope-dyeing which is carried out by mixing pigments or dyestuffs with PI before spinning. The swelling agents are so called because they can expand the amorphous region in the fibers for easier penetration of dye molecules, so that the fiber can be dyed at a lower temperature. Coloration with swelling agents has been well studied and practiced on polyester, aramid, and other synthetic fibers [17–20]. Phenoxy, and phenone types of compounds are often used as swelling agents because these organic compounds are hydrophobic with strong polarity which provides them with intense interactions with fibers. PI fibers were evaluated color measurement, thermalcrystalline analysis, The thethe dyed. PI fibers were evaluated by colorby measurement, thermal analysis, crystalline analysis, surface morphology
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