Abstract
Precision agriculture technologies provide innovative tools to optimize crop production while minimizing environmental impacts. This review examines recent advances in precision ag systems to enhance sustainable agriculture. Key innovations include: remote and proximal crop sensing techniques leveraging hyperspectral imaging, thermal imaging, and Lidar to assess crop health and stress status; variable rate technologies like targeted sprayers and precision planters to reduce input waste; data analytics and decision support systems that integrate multi-source data streams to guide site-specific intervention; robotics and automation for precision field operations; and advanced breeding techniques and genomic tools enabling development of stress resilient, high yielding varieties. Adoption barriers, future technology trajectories, and priority research needs are discussed to further advance precision solutions that support productivity, efficiency, and sustainability goals.
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