Enhancing online cataract surgery patient education materials through artificial intelligence

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of using artificial intelligence (AI) to improve readability of online cataract surgery patient education materials (PEMs) in English and Spanish. ParticipantsWebsites with information dedicated to educating patients about cataract surgery. DesignComparative cross-sectional study. MethodsThe first 50 patient-oriented websites containing PEMs related to cataract surgery were identified through online search. Website authorship was categorized as an institution, private practice, or medical organization. Websites were assessed qualitatively for information accuracy, the presence of narrative video content, and multilingual availability. Readability of PEMs was assessed using five validated reading formulas. A natural language processing platform was used to simplify PEMs in English and Spanish. Converted PEMs were reassessed for readability and accuracy. ResultsA total of 32 institution, 7 private practice, and 11 medical organization sites were included. The overall average original reading grade level was 11.68 ± 1.59. After conversion, overall reading grade level improved to 7.94 ± 0.82 (p < 0.01). The first 10 results had better readability (10.40 ± 1.59) and reading ease (57.51 ± 9.24) compared to the subsequent 40 results (11.99 ± 1.43; p = 0.01; 47.64 ± 8.59; p < 0.01). Converted simplified Spanish text had an average reading ease score of 61.17 ± 5.39 (8–9th grade level). Native Spanish text reading ease improved from 57.41 ± 5.24 to 71.78 ± 5.24 (p < 0.01) following conversion (7th-grade level). ConclusionAI conversion can enhance the readability of online PEMs on cataract surgery, while maintaining accuracy and content integrity, thereby improving accessibility and comprehensibility for a wider audience.