Abstract
This paper addresses the challenges inherent in Microgrids (MGs), Renewable Energy Sources (RES), and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), presenting a pioneering approach for a sustainable energy future. The focal point is a novel Multi-Stage Dynamic Energy Management (EM) framework, strategically designed to optimize the use of non-dispatchable RES and PHEVs while reducing dependency on the Utility Grid (UG). The research integrates Solar Photovoltaic arrays (SPVs), Wind Turbines (WTs), Micro Turbines (MTs), Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), PHEVs, and loads, forming a comprehensive MG to enhance overall efficiency and resilience. The core innovation lies in the dynamic EM framework, minimizing UG dependency and adapting to stochastic RES generation and PHEV charging patterns. The study underscores the significance of demand response in enhancing energy efficiency and grid reliability. Demonstrating effective RES utilization, the research showcases the potential for a greener and more resilient energy infrastructure. Through advanced simulations, the proposed framework's performance is rigorously evaluated under various scenarios, including high RES penetration. The results not only affirm the framework's effectiveness but also highlight its potential to revolutionize MG management by reducing grid dependency and maximizing renewable resource utilization.
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