Enhancing IoT Network Reliability: Evaluating LoRa Module Susceptibility to Interference

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is gaining popularity, leading to the widespread use of remote communication modules (LoRa), known for their energy efficiency and wide coverage range. However, as the number of LoRa modules used in IoT networks grows, the possibility of interference from third-party devices operating at the same frequency becomes a concern. This study aimed to examine the vulnerability of LoRa modules to electromagnetic interference (EMI) when transmitting text messages and images. Radiation emission conditions were measured in the test area for evaluating LoRa module performance, and susceptibility to interference was assessed under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. The study's outcomes reveal that interference with LoRa transmitters has no noticeable effect on the range within a distance of up to 50 meters. In contrast, the interference power required to disrupt the LoRa receiver decreases with increasing distance. Additionally, interference from frequencies outside the designated LoRa working frequency (915 MHz) has no discernible impact on module performance. Introducing a delivery delay check demonstrates consistent performance even in interference. These findings deepen our understanding of the susceptibility of LoRa modules to tampering, emphasizing the importance of implementing effective disruption management strategies in IoT deployments. By considering the potential impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI) on LoRa modules, developers can design more robust IoT networks, ensuring reliable communication and improved system performance. Overall, the research focuses on the interference characteristics of LoRa modules, providing insights for developing resilient and interference-resistant IoT solutions. It underscores the necessity of addressing interference issues to ensure the reliable operation of IoT devices across diverse environments.