Enhancement the structural, optical and nonlinear optical properties of cadmium phosphate glasses by nickel ions

Abstract

Cadmium phosphate glasses containing nickel oxide have successfully prepared through conventional melt quenching technique. The impact of nickel ions on the cadmium phosphate network has investigated by replacing the nickel oxide at the expense of the cadmium phosphate glass network. Structural investigation showed that CdO bands overlapped with P2O5 bands to form stable glasses while the NiO acts as a modifier. The density for the base glass is 3.743 g/cm3 increases to 4.094 g/cm3 for the glass containing the highest nickel oxide content. The optical absorption spectra illustrate that the nickel ions existed as divalent state. Optical band gap values decrease as the nickel oxide increases revealing that the nonbridging oxygen linkage formed as the nickel ions intercalated the cadmium phosphate network. The nonlinear refractive index investigated in terms of the linear refractive index and the nonlinear susceptibility. These glasses are exhibited to be lying in semiconductor and nonlinear optical glass category.