Abstract
Water desalination is the method of saltwater separating into two parts by using various types of energy. This paper offers an experimental work for solar distillation system to the production of drinking water by single slope solar still integrated with a parabolic dish. The result was compared with different solar still designs in the literature. The proposed solar thermal performance of the suggested solar still has been investigated to show its applicability in Iraq, Najaf (32.1No, 44.19Eo) during winter session (Nov., Dec., Jan.) 2018-2019. The assessment based on the effects of operational parameters, including solar irradiance, ambient temperature, wind speed, absorption wall temperature. A copper helical conical coil was used to compare steam condensation generated from the evaporator. The productivity of this study was 11.45 L.day-1, 8.2 L.day-1 freshwater with and without coil condenser respectively, and average direct solar irradiance was 753.6 W.m-2. Comparison different types of solar stills, especially those that have used as concentrators of solar irradiance, with comparable periods of work time, indicate excellent performance. Also, this system can be considered acceptable because it can provide distilled water from the use of materials available in local markets and low cost, enough to cover the daily needs of water for at least two adults.
Highlights
The most important problems facing people today are population growth; the total number of people according to the latest statistics exceeded 7.6 billion in 2018
Present work aims to investigate the impact of different weather data and to influence the productivity of freshwater, and the variables include solar irradiance Gb, ambient temperature Tamb, absorber temperature Tabs and production rate per hour Pd
The climate data was readied and recorded on November 2018, where the amount of solar irradiance filed at the beginning of the test time was 579.35 W.m-2 at 09:00 am and gradually increased until it reached its maximum value of 914.2 W.m-2 at 13:00 hour, and it began to decline due to the movement of the solar path towards sunset
Summary
The most important problems facing people today are population growth; the total number of people according to the latest statistics exceeded 7.6 billion in 2018. The new generation is vulnerable to major crises, including water shortages energy supply, economic crisis and environmental issues. As a result of this rapid population growth, water resource withdrawals will increase by 50% in developing countries and 18% in developed countries by 2025. Only a small percentage of up to 0.36% of clean water is available for human uses and can be accessed directly. Water shortage is one of the most significant crises that will occupy the front of global attention in the coming period, because of population expansion and industrialisation has led to increasing demand for clean water[5,6]. Water is used in adaptations and evaporative air conditioning systems, for less pollution and less energy consumption[8,9]
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