Enhancement of multiferroic characteristics in the Al and Pr co-doped BiFeO3 nanocrystalline

Abstract

We investigate and enhance the multiferroic characteristics of BiFeO3 by doping Al3+ and Pr3+ cations simultaneously. Bi1-xAlxFe1-xPrxO3 (x=0.00, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16) was prepared by sol–gel or auto-combustion method. The structural characterization of the samples was done for Bi1-xAlxFe1-xPrxO3 (x=0.00, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16) multiferricnano crystals using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Dielectric properties, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The size of the crystallite was calculated between the range 26.54 and 13.55 nm. We demonstrated the dual cation doping of Fe site by Pr as well as Bi site by Al. Doping of the materials exhibits optimized multiferroic properties. The co-doping of Al3+ and Pr3+ and frequency increases and decreases the dielectric parameters, which is explained by using Wagner theory. This reveals that these particles display resonance phenomenon in the GHz range. Low-frequency AC conductivity defines the grain boundary, while high-frequency dispersion can be ascribed to conductivity grains. Due to rise in the frequency of the applied electric field, real AC electrical conductivity σac increases. FTIR spectra tell us the changes in fundamental vibration absorption bands by the addition of Al3+ and Pr3+ ions. Appreciable enhanced quality factor values proposed the potential use of these materials for energy implementation and in large frequency multiferroic chip indicators. The obtained results proposed a useful contribution of synthesized materials in several technological applications.