Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural and rare ingredient with several biological activities, but its industrial production using lipase-catalyzed esterification of caffeic acid (CA) and 2-phenylethanol (PE) in ionic liquids (ILs) is hindered by low substrate concentrations and long reaction time. To set up a high-efficiency bioprocess for production of CAPE, a novel dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)–IL co-solvent system was established in this study. The 2% (by volume) DMSO–[Bmim][Tf2N] system was found to be the best medium with higher substrate solubility and conversion of CA. Under the optimum conditions, the substrate concentration of CA was raised 8-fold, the reaction time was reduced by half, and the conversion reached 96.23%. The kinetics follows a ping-pong bi-bi mechanism with inhibition by PE, with kinetic parameters as follows: Vmax=0.89mmol·min−1·g−1, Km,CA=42.9mmol·L−1, Km,PE=165.7mmol·L−1, and Ki,PE=146.2mmol·L−1. The results suggest that the DMSO co-solvent effect has great potential to enhance the enzymatic synthesis efficiency of CAPE in ILs.
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