Abstract
Emodin is a widely distributed anthraquinone derivative with a variety of biological activities, one that can be efficiently produced by marine-derived fungus Aspergillus favipes HN4-13. However, its relatively low fermentation yield limits further development and pharmaceutical research work. In this study, Plaekett–Burman design and central composite design were adopted to optimize the fermentation conditions of A. favipes HN4-13. Optimal fermentation conditions in a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask with 50 mL of medium were 59.3 g/L soluble starch, 10 g/L yeast extract paste, 30 g/L seawater salt, 1.04 g/L KH2PO4, 0.05 g/L MgSO4·7H2O, 0.01 g/L FeSO4·7H2O, seed culture 24 h, pH 5, inoculum size 18%, culture temperature 32 °C, and shaking at 160 rpm/min for 7 days. The production of emodin could achieve 132.40 ± 3.09 mg/L, with no significant difference from the predicted value (132.47 mg/L). Furthermore, KH2PO4 supplementation strategy was employed to regulate the mycelial morphology, upregulate the transcriptional level of biosynthesis gene cluster, and enhance emodin production (185.56 ± 4.39 mg/L).
Highlights
Emodin is one of the most widely distributed anthraquinone derivatives, being famous for its medicinal value and various biological activities including anti-bacterial [1]and anti-inflammatory [2] effects, cell proliferation inhibition [3], serum immune and antioxidant enzyme activity improvement [4], and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease [5]and liver disease [6]
The effect of different phosphorus source on the fungus morphology was firstly investigated, and the results suggested that KH2 PO4 was positive for emodin and questin production
From the single factor optimization of fermentation medium, we found that the components of culture medium had obvious influence on emodin biosynthesis
Summary
Emodin is one of the most widely distributed anthraquinone derivatives, being famous for its medicinal value and various biological activities including anti-bacterial [1]and anti-inflammatory [2] effects, cell proliferation inhibition [3], serum immune and antioxidant enzyme activity improvement [4], and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease [5]and liver disease [6]. Emodin is one of the most widely distributed anthraquinone derivatives, being famous for its medicinal value and various biological activities including anti-bacterial [1]. Anti-inflammatory [2] effects, cell proliferation inhibition [3], serum immune and antioxidant enzyme activity improvement [4], and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease [5]. Emodin has mainly been isolated from plants, fungi, and even some animals [8]. The development of emodin was hardly influenced by the long planting and growth cycle time cost of rhubarb, the phenomenon of soil obstacle to continuous cropping, the high cost of prevention of diseases and insect pests, and the low efficient of extraction. It is urgent to produce emodin in a more efficient and inexpensive way
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