Abstract
Metallic biodegradable magnesium (Mg) is a promising material in the biomedical field owing to its excellent biocompatibility, bioabsorbability, and biomechanical characteristics. Calcium phosphates (CaPs) were coated on the surface of pure Mg through a simple alkali-hydrothermal treatment. The surface properties of CaP coatings formed on Mg were identified through wettability, direct cell seeding, and release tests since the surface properties of biomaterials can affect the reaction of the host tissue. The effect of CaP-coated Mg mesh on guided bone regeneration in rat calvaria with the critical-size defect was also evaluated in vivo using several comprehensive analyses in comparison with untreated Mg mesh. Following the application of protective CaP coating, the surface energy of Mg improved with higher hydrophilicity and cell affinity. At the same time, the CaP coating endowed Mg with higher Ca affinity and lower degradation. The Mg mesh with CaP coating had higher osteointegration and bone affinity than pristine Mg mesh.
Highlights
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is an osteogenesis technique that has been developed from guided tissue regeneration, and it is used for regenerating new bone at sites with insufficient dimensions, heights, and bone volumes
The elemental distribution of the point profile showed that Mg mainly existed in the inner layer of the coating, indicating that Mg(OH)2 was formed at the interface between the Mg substrate and coating after 2 h of alkali-hydrothermal treatment
Previous studies on Mg have mainly focused on the development of Mg alloys to improve surface properties and corrosion protection because alloying is an effective method to improve the mechanical strength of Mg
Summary
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is an osteogenesis technique that has been developed from guided tissue regeneration, and it is used for regenerating new bone at sites with insufficient dimensions, heights, and bone volumes Bone regeneration procedures, such as reconstruction of the bone structure after excision of ameloblastoma and jaw tumors, augmentation of the deficient height of alveolar ridges caused by periodontics, sinus elevation before implantation, and increase in jaw bone size horizontally or vertically before implantation at the site of tooth loss, are required in many patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial or orthopedic surgery (Miura et al, 2012). Cobalt–chromium alloys, and stainless steel are widely used as implant materials in traditional surgery They have excellent mechanical strength, biostability, and durability, but they can cause stress-shielding effects, and additional surgery is often required to remove the implant after healing. They can lead to the visualization of artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging and three-dimensional computed tomography technology, which is not conducive
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