Abstract
Ionospheric disturbances are the phenomena which adversely affect the performance of precise positioning. This holds true even for multi-constellation relative positioning supported with network-derived ionospheric corrections. In such scenario the unfavorable effect is caused by a poor accuracy of corrections, which, in turn, is driven by the deterioration of the spatial interpolation process. The positioning becomes even more challenging in a wide-area scenario with baselines over 100 km. In this paper, we assess the methodology which aims at reliable and accurate wide-area RTK and rapid static positioning in the presence of severe ionospheric conditions. The approach takes advantage of multi-constellation network ionospheric corrections and an algorithm which allows the elimination of the temporal variations of the ionospheric delay. The experimental evaluation was performed on the basis of multi-station RTK and static positioning using GPS, BDS and Galileo data collected at high latitudes during the ionospheric storm on August 25–26, 2018. The results confirmed the deterioration of the accuracy of the network ionospheric corrections and consequently a decline in the positioning performance with routine models such as ionosphere-float and ionosphere-weighted. On the other hand, the results obtained with the application of the developed methodology demonstrated a very distinctive improvement in the ambiguity resolution domain and thus proved the advantage over benchmark models. In this case, the developed methodology allowed up to 20% enhancement of the ambiguity success rate with respect to benchmark strategies.
Highlights
Over the last decades a number of Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning techniques have been developed
This paper introduced and assessed the methodology aiming at a reliable wide-area multi-GNSS relative positioning under the presence of ionospheric disturbances
The enhanced approach takes advantage of both multiconstellation network ionospheric corrections and the rate of Total Electron Content (TEC) correction (RTC) algorithm which eliminate the temporal variations of the ionospheric delay
Summary
Over the last decades a number of GNSS positioning techniques have been developed. Depending on the classification, the methods may be referred to as absolute and relative, code- and phase observable-based or real time and postprocessed (Katsigianni et al 2019). Taking advantage of the resolved double differenced (DD) ambiguities (N), corresponding precise DD ionospheric delays (I) may be obtained for each of the processed baselines (step 1.b), employing a geometry-free linear combination of dual-frequency phase observables (Schaer 1999): Ikml n = f2 φkml,nf2 − f1 φkml,nf1 + f1 Nkml,nf1 − f2 Nkml,nf2 Top panel corresponds to the true ionospheric delays which were obtained from a geometry-free linear combination (Eq 1) after an application of integer ambiguities from the solution with station coordinates held fixed.
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