Enhanced UWB Triangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Based on Ground Plane Modification

Abstract

This paper presents the design and simulation of microstrip patch antenna operating at Ultra-Wideband (UWB) range. The designed antenna consists of a triangular patch feeding by a 50Ω standard microstrip line. The matching was provided by optimizing the feed line width and the size of two rectangular slots on the partial ground plane. The proposed antenna was designed with a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate (19×24.5×1.58mm3) having relative permittivity and loss tangent of 2.2 and 0.0009, respectively. Because when the antenna's current distribution is changed by modifying the antenna ground plane, the antenna's characteristics change as well. As a result, the modified ground plane technique was used instead of the full ground plane to improve and transit from the traditional narrow band to wider bandwidth. Meanwhile, a parametric study of the proposed triangular shaped patch antenna was introduced to find the prospective effect on its performance, and to provide an actual performance indication once the proposed antenna is modeled and measured in the next phase. The proposed antenna was successfully simulated with the help of CST Microwave Studio 2017. The obtained results showed that the designed antenna attained a good return loss (<; -10 dB) over BW of 17.6GHz, i.e., from 2.9 GHz - 20.5 GHz. The simulated antenna performance presented five different resonant frequencies at 5.85 GHz, 8.51 GHz, 11.97GHz, 14.68GHz and 18.37 GHz. The antenna had omnidirectional radiation patterns with a proper gain for UWB applications.