Enhanced unscheduled DNA synthesis by secondary cultures of lung cells established from calorically restricted aged rats

Abstract

Unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) induced by two exposure levels of ultraviolet light (UV) or two concentrations of methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) was evaluated in secondary cultures of lung fibroblasts established from weanling, 11-month-old and 31-month-old female Fischer 344 rats fed and libitum (AL) or calorically restricted (CR) diets. [ 3H]Thymidine incorporation as a function of UDS was highest for weanling-derived cells treated with either UV or MMS, declining consistently with increased age between cells from weanling, 11-month-old and 31-month-old animals. [ 3H]Thymidine incorporation as a function of UDS in cells from 11-month-old AL vs. CR rats differed only at the highest UV exposure level. In contrast, cells drived from 31-month-old CR rats exhibited UDS levels which were at leastt wice as high at each UV treatment level as UDS levels of cells drived from the same age AL rats. Cells from both old AL and old CR rats were shown to initiate DNA excision repair at about the same rate. Cells from CR rats, however, repaired DNA damage at an accelerated rate and completed excision repair while repair in cells from AL animals was slower and apparently did not proceed to completion. Data from this study indicate that cells from young and old AL and CR animals initiate excision repair, but demonstrate an age-related loss of UV- or MMS-stimulated [ 3H]thymidine incorporation in cells derived from AL animals. Cells derived from CR animals did not exhibit that age-related loss of UDS activity; rather, they showed an enhanced UDS response to DNA damage and appeared to complete ligation as the final step in excision repair. The data suggest that caloric restriction of a cell donor animal not only delays the age-associated decrease in in vitro DNA excision repair capacity in cells from that animal, but may actually enhance repair capacity.