Enhanced RPL to Control Congestion in IoT: A Review

Abstract

In recent years, Internet of things (IoT) has been used and contributed in various applications by connecting various devices to each other through the internet. IoT is considered an interesting and emerging area that is used in various applications like smart environment, healthcare, smart city, and others. To make life simpler various low-power devices and sensors have been used which provide various services. IoT networks are majorly composed of low power devices and weakly connected devices as communication is through wireless medium where the interference of noise and link breakdown is high. Hence, routing protocol is for low power and lossy network (RPL) is needed. RPL is the routing protocol that is used to transmit data in an IoT network. RPL is developed by the internet engineering task force for routing in low power and lossy network. It is the only protocol which is standardized for routing in IoT network. Although RPL still faces various problems like stability, mobility, congestion issue as initially RPL is not designed by considered the IoT network requirements. In this paper congestion issue is focused and discussed several past solutions given by various authors to enhance the RPL protocol and tried to control congestion in the IoT network. The paper surveyed various literature works that define different metrics to control congestion or define different ways of routing by manipulating the standards of RPL. In this survey, papers are thoroughly studied, analyze the benefits and limitations of the approaches and also mention the future scope of the problem.