Abstract
Despite significant advancements in KNN-based piezoelectric ceramics, controlling their grain size remains a challenge, impacting reproducibility of piezoelectric properties. Here, we address this issue by initially investigating the defect chemistry of a ternary system 0.96 K0.48Na0.52Nb0.96Sb0.04O3-0.04Bi0.5Na0.5ZrO3-ABO3 (KNNS-BNZ-ABO3). The ABO3 dopant not only influences the phase constitution, but also induces different charge compensation mechanisms, affecting the grain size and domain configurations of ceramics. Furthermore, the relationship between the grain size and the piezoelectric properties is investigated. The superior piezoelectric charge coefficient (d33) of 435 pC/N, ultra-high planar mode electromechanical coupling factor (kp) of 0.62 and preferable temperature stability are obtained in KNN-based ceramics with large grain size (∼50 μm) and hierarchical domain structures. Finally, we elucidated the intrinsic and extrinsic contribution of the grain size on piezoelectric properties of KNN-based piezoceramics based on Rayleigh analysis. Our work provides an effective paradigm for the development of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics for industrial applications.
Published Version
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