Abstract
Lutein is one of the carotenoids found in various fruits, green leafy vegetables, and egg yolk. Lutein has multiple functions, including preventing age-related macular degeneration in the human body. However, lutein is susceptible to high temperature, light, and oxygen. The objective of this study was to produce lutein-loaded polysaccharide complexes to increase the stability of lutein. The physical and chemical properties of lutein-polysaccharide complexes were characterized. The entrapment efficiency (EE%) and loading capacity (LC%) of ltuein, and the lutein's stability to high temperatures and UV light were tested. The results showed that the lutein-loaded complexes had greater than 98% entrapment efficiency and 35% loading capacity. The AL/CS complexes showed significantly higher thermal (70 °C, 3 h) and UV-light stabilities than the free lutein. The SEM, FTIR, and XRD results suggested that the lutein-loaded AL/CS complexes had a flake-like structure, and lutein was inserted into the AL/CS complexes as amorphous forms. The main forces that incorporated and stabilized lutein inside the AL/CS complexes were the hydrophobic environments caused by the neutralization of net charge on the alginate and chitosan and the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between lutein, alginate, and chitosan.
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