Abstract
A full design of the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) with a high data rate is one of the greatest underwater communication difficulties due to the unavailability of a sustainable power source for the battery supplies of sensor nodes, electromagnetic spread weakness, and limited acoustic waves channel bandwidth. This paper presents a new energy-efficient communication scheme named Enhanced Fully Generalized Spatial Modulation (EFGSM) for the underwater acoustic channel, where the different number of active antennas used in Fully Generalized Spatial Modulation (FGSM) is combined with multiple signal constellations. The proposed EFGSM enhances energy efficiency over conventional schemes such as spatial modulation, generalized spatial modulation, and FGSM. In order to increase energy and spectral performance, the proposed technique conveys data bits not just by the number of active antenna’s index as in the existing traditional FGSM, but also using the type of signal constellation to increase the data bit rate and improve power saving without increasing the receiver’s complexity. The proposed EFGSM uses primary and secondary constellations as indexes to carry information, they are derived from others by geometric interpolation signal space. The performance of the suggested EFGSM is estimated and demonstrated through Monte Carlo simulation over an underwater acoustic channel. The simulation results confirm the advantage of the suggested EFGSM scheme not just regarding energy and spectral efficiency but also concerning the average bit error rate (ABER).
Highlights
71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by the ocean, a connected body of water that is usually split into different principal oceans and miniature seas
We investigate for the first time the power consumption of the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT), and a new energy efficient communication system for the IoUT is proposed based on a modification of the fully generalized spatial modulation
In Fully Generalized Spatial Modulation (FGSM), the number of active transmitter antennas is used as an index to transmit data by the same data signal constellation [15,16] where the active antennas indexes are used to send information bits, and their varying quantity r is used as an index to carry additional information bits
Summary
71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by the ocean, a connected body of water that is usually split into different principal oceans and miniature seas. Acoustic is the widest topology used in underwater applications, where it achieves a wide coverage range which can be on the scale of kilometers, but it is a high-power communication system with a limited channel bandwidth The difference among these different physical underwater technologies in terms of features, pros and cons has been summarized in [6]. A significant performance gain of spectral efficiency, receiver complexity reduction, and power saving are achieved in this way compared to conventional SMTs. Based on that, in this paper, a new scheme called enhanced fully generalized spatial modulation (EFGSM) is proposed. In this paper, a new scheme called enhanced fully generalized spatial modulation (EFGSM) is proposed In this new scheme, the data signal constellation is used as an index, and information is conveyed through a varied number of transmitter antennas.
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