Enhanced frequency stabilization in a restructured power system leveraging Demand response strategy for source and Load Intermittency

Abstract

ABSTRACT This article addresses the complexities brought about by the increased integration of renewable energy sources into power networks, a trend that can lead to system degradation and instability. In response, this study advocates for the adoption of a Demand Response (DR) approach as a pivotal component in ensuring the future reliability of the electric power system. To facilitate frequency regulation in an interconnected hybrid power system, a modified two-degree-of-freedom (fractional order proportional integral)-tilt derivative [TDOF (FOPI)-TD] controller has been developed. The controller’s parameters are finely tuned through the application of Quasi Opposition-based Harris Hawks Optimization (QOHHO), a method proven to outperform other optimization algorithms. The findings demonstrate a significant enhancement in system frequency stability with the implementation of the QOHHO-based controller, even when factoring in uncertainties, physical constraints, and high penetration of renewable energy sources. Additionally, an evaluation of variations in system frequencies and tie-line power adjustments reveals minimal deviations with DR, measuring at −3.59E–05, −1.89E–04, and 9.26E–05, respectively. In stark contrast, in the absence of DR implementation, the deviations are notably higher, recorded at −1.31E–04, −2.73E–04, and 1.73E–04, respectively. Furthermore, a real-time assessment conducted on the OPAL-RT OP4510 platform validates the proposed strategy’s applicability under source and load intermittency conditions. This substantiates its effectiveness in real-world scenarios.