Abstract
In this study, we incorporated silver nanowires (AgNWs) into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a hole transport layer (HTL) for inverted perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). The effect of AgNW incorporation on the perovskite crystallization, charge transfer, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PVSCs were analyzed and discussed. Compared with neat PEDOT:PSS HTL, incorporation of few AgNWs into PEDOT:PSS can significantly enhance the PCE by 25%. However, the AgNW incorporation may result in performance overestimation due to the lateral charge transfer. The corrosion of AgNWs with a perovskite layer was discussed. Too much AgNW incorporation may lead to defects on the interface between the HTL and the perovskite layer. An extra PEDOT:PSS layer over the pristine PEDOT:PSS-AgNW layer can prevent AgNWs from corrosion by iodide ions.
Highlights
Perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) are one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies due to their rapid increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.8% to 24.2% in a very short period of time as well as offering specific advantages such as lightweight, low cost, and simple fabrication compared to traditional inorganic solar cells [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
Among the PVSCs, inverted-type cells with a device structure of indium tin oxide (ITO)/hole transport layer (HTL)/perovskite/electron transport layer (ETL)/metal have emerged as an alternative to conventional PVSCs because of their low-temperature processability [10,11,12,13]
In the previous study [45], we proved that PEDOT:PSS can prevent AgNWs from corrosion by the iodine electrolyte
Summary
Perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) are one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies due to their rapid increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.8% to 24.2% in a very short period of time as well as offering specific advantages such as lightweight, low cost, and simple fabrication compared to traditional inorganic solar cells [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Among the PVSCs, inverted-type (planar) cells with a device structure of indium tin oxide (ITO)/hole transport layer (HTL)/perovskite/electron transport layer (ETL)/metal have emerged as an alternative to conventional PVSCs because of their low-temperature processability [10,11,12,13]. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is commonly used for the HTL of inverted PVSCs due to (a) high transparency in the visible range, (b) easy processing, (c) high work function, (d) tunable conductivity (10−4–10−3 S/cm), and (f) significant mechanical flexibility [14,15,16,17]. Several new materials, including NiOx [21,22], CuSCN [23], PbS [24], and graphene oxide [25], have been investigated widely as potential alternatives to PEDOT:PSS to improve the resistance to electron transport and electrical conductivity. The corrosion of AgNWs with a perovskite layer was discussed
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