Enhanced detection of cardiac arrhythmias utilizing 14-day continuous ECG patch monitoring

Abstract

BackgroundTo evaluate the performance of a single‑lead, 14-day continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) patch for the detection of arrhythmias compared to conventional 24-h monitoring. MethodsThis prospective clinical trial enrolled patients suspected of arrhythmias but not diagnosed by 12‑lead ECGs. Each patient underwent a 24-h Holter and 14-day ECG patch simultaneously. Seven types of arrhythmias were classified: supraventricular tachycardia (SVT, repetitive atrial beats >4 beats), irregular SVT without P wave (>4 beats), AF/AFL (irregular SVT without P wave ≥30 s), pause ≥3 s, atrioventricular block (AVB; Mobitz type II, third-degree, two to one or high degree AVB), ventricular tachycardia (VT), and polymorphic VT. ResultsA total of 158 patients were recruited (mean wear time:12.3 ± 3.2 days). The overall arrhythmia detection rate was higher with 14-day ECG patches (59.5%) compared to 24-h Holter (19.0%, P < 0.001). Up to 87.2% of arrhythmias recorded with 14-day ECG patches were not associated with symptoms. The 14-day ECG patch was associated with higher detection rates compared to the 24-h Holter in patients with SVT (52.5% versus 15.8%, P < 0.001), irregular SVT without P wave (12.7% versus 4.4%, P = 0.002), AF/AFL (9.5% versus 3.8%, P = 0.042), and critical arrhythmias (pause ≥3 s, AVB, VT, polymorphic VT) (16.5% versus 2.5%, P < 0.001). The 14-day ECG patch detected more than 2 types of arrhythmias in 5.1% of patients. No serious adverse events in patients wearing the 14-day ECG patch were reported. ConclusionsThe 14-day ECG patch outperformed 24-h Holter to detect overall, asymptomatic, critical and multiple arrhythmias. It is safe and has the potential to identify individuals with hidden arrhythmias, especially those with critical arrhythmias.