Abstract
A study to evaluate the genetic similarities and differences among 11 specimens of cichlids and four specimens of mudcatfishes obtained from Warri River was carried out through DNA fingerprinting analysis using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR amplification with seven decamer primers and dendrograms through unweighted pair-group method with average (UPGMA) cluster analysis. The total number of bands generated by the seven RAPD primers, ranged between 2 to 33 for the cichlids and 8 to 28 for the catfish family, with band size between 100 to 800 bp. The primers produced 228 bands in total 119 for the cichlids and 109 for the catfishes, with 24% polymorphism. Considerable genetic variation was observed within species (especially within Tilapia zilli, T. guineensis and Clarias gariepinus), between species in the same genera (T. zilli and T. guineensis) and among cichlids and catfishes. The most consistent of the RAPD primers generated 87 bands among the cichlids with 23 bands (26%) polymorphic and 74% conserved. Among the catfishes, the primers produced 69 bands with 16 (23%) polymorphic. The data show that the RAPD technique was useful and sensitive in differentiating various fish genera and species. Key words: Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Niger Delta, aquatic diversity, phylogeny
Highlights
There is an increase in research interest in the maintenance and preservation of genetic diversity of fish as an essential ecological resource and life support system (Ekelemu and Zelibe, 2006)
Fishes constitute a large percentage of the biological diversity of organisms that inhabit rivers and other water bodies and majority of the population of Niger Delta depends on catch from the wild as source of animal protein
We report the usefulness of the Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)
Summary
There is an increase in research interest in the maintenance and preservation of genetic diversity of fish as an essential ecological resource and life support system (Ekelemu and Zelibe, 2006). Species identification has been shown to be possible using molecular markers in Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Soufy et al, 2009). High levels of DNA polymorphisms could be detected using this technique; it could produce fine genetic markers, and a large number of loci sampled without prior DNA
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