Abstract
The investigation was carried out to assess the genetic stability in   tissue culture raised plants of banana cv. G-9 using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers.Aims: Molecular assessment of genetic stability of tissue culture raised plants of banana cv. G-9 using molecular markers.Material and Results: Apical shoots were established on medium EM4 (MS + BAP 4.0 mg L-1) with maximum of 3.8 buds/explant in 2.6 days. The maximum bud multiplication with 16.5±0.06 shoots was observed on medium Ma3 (MS medium+ 5.0 mg L-1 BAP + 0.25 mg L-1 NAA of + 30 mg L-1 AdSO4). The maximum rooting response (100%) was observed on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 NAA in 12.2 days. After acclimatization the hardened plants were examined for genetic stability using RAPD and ISSR primers. Total forty six (twenty six RAPD and twenty ISSR) markers were used. RAPD primers produced 87 distinct and scorable bands, with an average of 3.34 bands per primer and the amplification products range was from 100-1200 bps. The number of scorable bands for RAPD primer varied from 2 to 5 with an average of 3.34 bands per primer. ISSR primers produced 71 distinct and scorable bands in the range of 100-1000 bps and the number of scorable bands for each primer varied from 2 to 6 with an average of 3.55 bands per primer.Conclusion: Similar profile with monomorphic bands was observed for all the tissue culture raised plants when compared to mother plant in both types of markers used. The results corroborate the fact that plant tissue culture technology has immense importance for production of true to type of planting material.Â
Highlights
Banana is a basic food source for millions of people in developing countries in the tropics and subtropics 1
After acclimatization the hardened plants were examined for genetic stability using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers
Molecular markers are considered to be reliable in monitoring genetic variability in plants 43 .RAPD technique was used by several authors to investigate the genetic variability and found it to be very efficient and reliable 26, 22, 23, 24 .Results obtained using RAPD were similar with those obtained with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and isozymes 44
Summary
Banana is a basic food source for millions of people in developing countries in the tropics and subtropics 1. Fruits of the plant are good source of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals such as potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium along with trace amounts of iron, zinc and carotenoids 4. The tissue culture technique was successfully used for in vitro multiplication of a particular genotype 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. The application of plant growth regulators during in vitro multiplication of plants may lead to genetic instability in plants. It is mandatory to check for genetic stability of in vitro raised plants. The precise monitoring of quality control during in vitro multiplication and analysis of tissue culture raised plants by using simple and routine method is prerequisite step in micropropagation 16
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