Abstract
English
Highlights
Main function of salivary gland is saliva secretion
The existence of water channels was anticipated based on the existence of biological membranes presenting high-membrane water permeability that could not be explained solely by passive water diffusion though a lipid bilayer[1]
The term aquaporin (AQP) was proposed for the family of water channel and the name channel-forming integral protein of 28 kDa (CHIP28) was changed to AQP15
Summary
The author has referenced some of its own studies in this review. These referenced studies have been conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and the protocols of these studies have been approved by the relevant ethics committees related to the institution in which they were performed. Based on the physiological mechanisms of saliva secretion, it was hypothesised that the introduction of a facilitated water pathway in irradiated ductal cells could generate an osmotic gradient (extra-cellular lumen > intracellular) allowing fluid secretion[37] The introduction of such facilitated water pathway was performed using a recombinant adenoviral vector coding for human AQP1 (AdhAQP1) that drove both AQP1 expression and osmotically driven fluid secretion in epithelial cells[37,42,43], and restored saliva secretion in irradiated SMG from rats[37], non-human primates[44] and miniature pigs[45]. Rituximab improved xerostomia and glandular manifestations of the disease while it increased AQP5 expression at the apical membrane of SG acinar cells[46] In the future, it remains to clearly evaluate the benefits of increasing AQP expression, by the use of various therapeutic tools, in SG dysfunction occurring in SS. Further studies will be required to fully assess the role of AQP5 in diabetic xerostomia
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