Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global pandemic. Large platelets are highly thrombotic and thus put the patient at a higher risk. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a determinant of platelet functionality and increased MPV are associated with increased risk for hyperglycemic complications. We aimed to investigate the association of MPV, a marker for platelet size and activity with fasting blood glucose (FBS), postprandial blood glucose (PPBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and duration of diabetes. We also compared MPV in diabetics and healthy controls. This is a case control study carried out in both individuals with type II diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. All the patients who attended our hospital during September 2012 to march 2013 were included in the study, taking inclusion and exclusion criteria into consideration. In 171 individuals with type II DM and 37 healthy controls, MPV and platelet counts were analyzed by fully automated hematology analyzer SEIMENS ADVIA 2120. Samples were also subjected for FBS, PPBS and HbA1c. The control and test groups were compared with Z test; difference between two means. Pearson’s coefficient of correlation (r value) was calculated to know the relationship between two variables. t Test was done to test the significance of r value obtained and p value was calculated. p Value < 0.05 is considered significant. The analysis was done by Microsoft excel sheet. MPV was significantly higher in diabetics when compared to healthy controls (7.91 + 0.87 > 6.91 + 0.71). There was also a statistically significant positive correlation between HbA1c and MPV (r value - 0.5, p value - 0.4). Though FBS and PPBS showed a negative correlation with MPV but were not statistically significant. MPV, a simple, reliable and cost effective tool can be used in diabetes mellitus as an accessory marker for monitoring vascular complications and glycemic control. Key words: Mean platelet volume, diabetes mellitus, glycosylated hemoglobin.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share a phenotype of hyperglycemia (Alvin et al, 2011) Platelets play a major role in maintaining normal homeostasis (Mitchell, 2010)
Samples from 171 diabetics and 37 healthy controls were analyzed for Mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet counts, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBS) and postprandial blood glucose (PPBS)
Out of 171 diabetics, micro vascular complications like peripheral neuropathy, diabetic foot, microalbuminuria, and retinopathy were observed in 32 individuals
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share a phenotype of hyperglycemia (Alvin et al, 2011) Platelets play a major role in maintaining normal homeostasis (Mitchell, 2010). The higher the MPV, the larger and younger the platelets are and more is the risk factor for thrombosis. Diabetes mellitus is the most common group of metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with secondary damage in multiple organ systems especially kidneys, eyes, peripheral nerves and blood vessels (Maitra, 2010). The world wide prevalence of DM has risen dramatically in the past two decades from 30 million cases in 1985 to 185 millions in 2010 (Alvin et al, 2011) Countries with the highest absolute number of diabetics are in India (19 million), China (16 million), and the United States (14 million) (King, 1998)
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