Abstract
Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai is a deciduous shrub that belongs to Oleaceae Abeliophyllum and grows only in Korea. In this study, the antioxidative activity, cytotoxicity, anti-aging activity, and levels of acteoside and isoacteoside were compared between non-fermented and fermented (using Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis) extracts of A. distichum Nakai. The cytotoxicity of these extracts, along with their ability to inhibit elastase activity and Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression, and their ability to promote type I procollagen synthesis were investigated in human dermal fibroblasts cells. These tests revealed that the fermented extract possessed higher antioxidant and anti-aging activities compared with the non-fermented extract. The levels of acteoside and isoacteoside were about 1.25 and 1.05 times higher in the fermented extract than in the non-fermented extract. It was speculated that they were converted from acteoside glucosides and isoacteoside glucosides via bioconversion by the fermentation strains. Together, these findings indicate that extracts of A. distichum Nakai show good potential as antioxidative and anti-aging cosmetic materials. Key words: Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, fermentation, antioxidative activity, anti-aging activity.
Highlights
Wrinkles naturally occur as skin ages, but the photoaging caused by ultraviolet (UV) rays of sunlight further reduces skin elasticity and increases wrinkles
The cells were grown for 24 h treated with various concentrations of the non-fermented and fermented extracts in fetal bovine serum (FBS)-free medium for 24 h, cultured under 37°C in 5% CO2 for an additional 24 h, and treated with 10 ng/ml tumor necrosis factor (TNF- )
Concentration exerted inhibitory effects of 15.43, 39.20, 70.74 and 92.55% at concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/ml, respectively, while the same doses of fermented extract exerted inhibitory effects of 16.54, 40.85, 80.27 and 92.87%, respectively. This indicates that fermented A. distichum Nakai extract showed higher scavenging activity for DPPH radicals at the concentrations tested
Summary
Wrinkles naturally occur as skin ages, but the photoaging caused by ultraviolet (UV) rays of sunlight further reduces skin elasticity and increases wrinkles. Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai is a rare species that is found only in Korea This member of family Oleaceae is a deciduous broad-leaved shrub that is so rare; it has been designated as a natural monument (Lee et al, 2014; Hong and Han, 2002). The cytotoxicity, antioxidative and anti-aging activity, and levels of acteoside and isoacteoside in extracts of A. distichum Nakai were compared with and without fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis
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