Abstract
Introduction Variations in the iliopsoas muscle complex certainly have some clinical importance. Because these variations are usually associated with unusual femoral nerve formation, here we report a case of variation in the iliacus muscle combined with variation in the femoral nerve. Case report Variation in the iliacus muscle combined with variation in the femoral nerve was observed while performing a routine dissection of a 65-year-old male cadaver in the Department of Anatomy, SRM Medical College. The accessory iliacus muscle originated from iliac crest and inserted to the lesser trochanter of femur along with psoas major. This muscle variant was found to split the femoral nerve into medial and lateral slips. Conclusion The existence of this muscle variation along with nerve variation may increase the chances of nerve compression. Hence, detailed knowledge of these variations has immense importance in various pelvic and pelvifemoral surgeries.
Highlights
Variations in the iliopsoas muscle complex certainly have some clinical importance
Various studies have reported on the iliopsoas muscle complex, variations such as accessory iliacus muscle and aberrant slips of the iliacus muscle with splitting and compression of the femoral nerve[2]
The femoral nerve is formed by the dorsal division of ventral rami of L2, L3 and L4 nerve roots of the lumbar plexus, and it descends downwards between the psoas and iliacus muscles deep into the iliac fossa and passes behind the inguinal ligament to reach the thigh, where it divides into anterior and posterior division to supply the thigh
Summary
Iliacus is a muscle of the posterior abdominal wall It takes origin from superior 2/3 of the inner lip of the iliac crest, upper portion of lateral surface of the sacrum, capsule of the hip joint and ventral sacroiliac and iliolumbar ligaments, and is inserted into the lesser trochanter of the femur and into the femur just below and in front of the lesser trochanter along with psoas major. This muscle is supplied by branches from the femoral nerve and direct branches from lumbar plexus[1]. This minimus muscle was supplied by the medial slip of the femoral nerve (Figure 3)
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