Abstract
Antifungal activities of 27 plant extracts were tested against Alternaria solani (E. & M.) Jones and Grout using radial growth technique. While all tested plant extracts produced some antifungal activities, the results revealed that Circium arvense, Humulus lupulus, Lauris nobilis and Salvia officinalis showed significant antifungal activities. The leaf extract of L. nobilis was most effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of A. solani (79.35%) at 4% concentration, followed by S. officinalis, H. lupulus, and C. arvense with 76.50, 61.50 and 55.83% inhibition, respectively. The other tested plant extracts exhibited modarate activity and average mycelial growth inhibition of fungus varied from 9.15 to 50.58%. The lowest antifungal activity was observed on Hypericum perforatum extract. The antifungal activity of extracts of C. arvense, H. lupulus, L. nobilis and S. officinalis were further evaluated at different concentrations (0.2, 0.4, 2, 4 and 8% (w/v)) against A. solani. Inhibitory effects of these extracts were increased with increasing concentration. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of H. lupulus, L. nobilis and S. officinalis were 8% (w/v). Further studies on isolation and characterization of the active (antifungal) compound is needed before the possible use of the tested extracts in control strategies of this fungus. Key words: Plant extracts, Alternaria solani, antifungal, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
Highlights
Potato is one of the most important crop in the world and is planted in 18.2 million ha and total yield reached 314.1 million ton (FAO, 2010)
The leaf extract of L. nobilis was most effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of A. solani (79.35%) at 4% concentration, followed by S. officinalis, H. lupulus, and C. arvense with 76.50, 61.50 and 55.83% inhibition, respectively
The leaf extract of L. nobilis was most effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of A. solani (79.35%) at 4% concentration, followed by S. officinalis, H. lupulus and C. arvense with 76.50, 61.50 and 55.83% inhibition, respectively (Table 1)
Summary
Potato is one of the most important crop in the world and is planted in 18.2 million ha and total yield reached 314.1 million ton (FAO, 2010). In Turkey, it is grown in an area of 154000 ha with an annual production of 4.3 million ton (FAO, 2010). Potato plants are subjected to attack by numerous diseases wherever the crop is planted. & M.) Jones and Grout causes early blight disease of potato and occurs annually to some degree in most production areas. The timing of appearance and rate of disease progression help to determine the impact of the disease on the potato crop. Control of early blight disease has been accomplished primarily by the application of chemical fungicides (Jones et al, 1991)
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