Abstract
Antifungal activities of 26 plant extracts were tested against Phytophthora infestansusing radial growth technique. While all tested plant extracts produced some antifungal activities Xanthium strumarium, Lauris nobilis, Salvia officinalis andStyrax officinalis were the most active plants that showed potent antifungal activity. They totally inhibited the mycelial growth of P. infestans. The other tested plant extracts exhibited moderate activity and average daily radial growth of fungus varied from 0.8 to 5.0 mm/day which were significantly lower than the control. The lowest antifungal activity was observed on Cynodon dactylon extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts ranged between 2 and 8% (w/v). X. strumarium extract produced the lowest MIC value of 2% which was lower than the standard fungicide Ridomil Gold mz 68 WP. Further studies on isolation and characterization of the active (antifungal) compound is needed before the possible use of the tested extracts in control strategies of this fungus. Key words: Plant extracts, Phytophthora infestans, antifungal, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
Highlights
Potato is one of the important crops in whole world due to its high value for human nutrition (Desjardins et al, 1995; FAO, 2010)
The screening revealed that X. strumarium, L. nobilis, S. officinalis and Sy. officinalis extracts completely inhibited mycelial growth of P. infestans at 4% concentration
Efficacy of plant extracts against P. infestans has been demonstrated by several workers (Latten, 1994; Meinck, 1999; Neuhoff et al, 2002; Rohner et al, 2004)
Summary
Potato is one of the important crops in whole world due to its high value for human nutrition (Desjardins et al, 1995; FAO, 2010). During the late 1980s and 1990s, introduction of new clonal lineages of Phytophthora infestans to potato growing areas of the world led to severe late blight outbreaks (Fry and Goodwin, 1997a,b; Inglis et al, 1996). These new clonal lineages caused a new disease management challenge because many were resistant to the fungicide metalaxyl, which had become an integral tool for foliar late blight suppression (Bashan et al, 1989; Daayf and Platt, 1999, 2000; Daayf et al, 2000), and increased the costs of crop production. 26 plant extracts with antifungal properties against P. infestant were tested under laboratory conditions to determine the effect of these extracts on mycealial growth of the fungus and determine minimum inhibitory concentration
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