Abstract
Oil palm defence reaction to the vascular wilt disease was characterized by the production of phenolic compounds in the roots and pseudobulbs infected at the prenursery stage. The study was aimed at discriminating between tolerant and sensitive ones by the phenolic reaction of the roots and pseudobulbs after their infection with the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.elaeidis, the pathogenic agent of vascular wilt disease of oil palm. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Discriminant Analysis (DA) show that although the phenolic metabolism was different in both organs; all the phenols belonged to the flavonoids and can be used to distinguish the tolerant clones and sensitive ones. (Resume d'auteur)
Highlights
The vascular wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis is considered to be the most serious disease of oil palm in Africa
The liquid inoculum is developed from an aggressive stump of F. oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis isolated from an oil palm infected by wilt disease
The physiology of the oil palm is modified during the root aggression by F. oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis through the synthesis of phenolic compounds in infected tissues
Summary
The vascular wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis is considered to be the most serious disease of oil palm in Africa. Elaeidis is considered to be the most serious disease of oil palm in Africa It was first described in the Democratic republic of Congo (former Belgian Congo) in 1946. It was described in the major oil palm countries in West Africa: Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Benin, Nigeria and Cameroon (Wardlaw, 1946; Bachy and Fehling 1957; Meunier et al, 1979; Renard and Quillec 1984). Wild oil palm groves were generally free from vascular wilt, while more than 50% of losses could be recorded on mature palm plantations. Vascular wilt has been generally more severe in replanting, where it has been a disease of immature palms because the inoculum built-up during the first planting (De Franqueville, 1990). The privileged means of control without which oil palm could not be grown in wilt disease areas without major risk, remained the selection of tolerant crosses and clones (Renard et al, 1980)
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