Abstract
Improving maternal and child health is foundation for every nations, communities and families. Millennium Development Goals had applied various strategies to overcome the gaps resulted in maternal and child health morbidity and mortality from global to local levels. Among the strategies is maternity waiting home, an important tool-had been addressed those in need of access and hard/difficult to reach for skilled delivery. Consequently, the aim of this review is to narrate the existing strategies, summarized outcome and impact of maternity waiting homes in Ethiopia as well as make recommendations. Four databases were searched to access literatures; they are: Science Direct, Google Scholar, Open Access Journals Search Engine and PubMed. Published literatures and other library sources were explored to get unpublished works in the topic. Boolean connectors were used to connect the key words. Exclusion and inclusion criteria were established. From all databases, five literatures were identified, screened, and included; all were facility based studies. Three were cross sectional, one prospective and the other retrospective cohort in their design of study. Two cohorts studies claimed that there is difference between the outcome of perinatal and mothers following maternity waiting homes utilization. Cohort studies revealed that mothers who utilized maternity waiting homes are less likely to have negative health consequences; themselves and their perinatal. Findings from existing literatures show that there have been significant differences in maternal and perinatal mortality among maternity waiting homes utilizers and non-utilizers, with its own limitations; although no community or facility based studies were conducted. Consequently, it is vital to conduct community based randomized trial to examine the observable effect of maternity waiting homes in improvement of perinatal and maternal health. Key words: Effects, Ethiopia, factors, problems, maternal waiting homes.
Highlights
Before 1990, 1600 women were estimated to die each day as a result of complications during pregnancy or childbirth
This study showed that the perinatal mortality among non-utilizers mothers were ten times more than non-utilizers; about 28 and 254 perinatal death per 100,000 live births with RR =0.46 95% CI (0.33-0.66)
There is a visible difference in maternal mortality among users and nonusers of Maternity Waiting Homes (MWHs)
Summary
Before 1990, 1600 women were estimated to die each day as a result of complications during pregnancy or childbirth. A large proportion of these deaths are preventable (Jowett 2000). In 2015, about 99% of maternal deaths resulting from pregnancy related complications occurred in low and middle income countries where there is a prevalence of high fertility rates, a low skilled birth attendants, and weak health systems (UNICEF, 2009). From this percentage, subSaharan Africa covers makes up 66%
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