Abstract
Analysis of 17 Y chromosomal STR loci in a population sample of 400 unrelated male living in the middle and south of Iraq was done to evaluate allele frequencies and gene diversity for each Y-STR locus of the Y filer™ PCR amplification kit. The seventeen loci include DYS635, DYS437, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, YGATA H4, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS19, DYS391, DYS438, DYS390, DYS439, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385a and DYS385b. Total DNA from blood cells was extracted using the FTA™ paper DNA extraction. A total of 361 unique haplotypes were identified among the four hundred individuals studied. The DYS385b had the highest diversity (GD = 0.8392), while loci DYS392 had the lowest (D = 0.2695). Key words: Allele frequency, gene diversity, Iraq, Y filer™.
Highlights
Microsatellites (Ellegren et al, 2004) are DNA regions with repeat units that are 2 to 7 bp in length or most generally short tandem repeats (STRs) or simple sequence repeats (SSRs)
Since the STR markers are important for human identification purposes (Carolina et al, 2010), the number of repeats can be highly variable among individuals and can be used for identification purposes
It is possible to create multiple copies from the small amount of template DNA using this process. 12Plex amplification was performed by the commercial kit Y filerTM PCR amplification kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) that amplifies 17 Y-STR loci (DYS635, DYS437, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, YGATA H4, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS19, DYS391, DYS438, DYS390, DYS439, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385a and DYS385b) and a segment of the amelogenin gene, according to manufacturer’s instructions but in a total reaction volume of 25 ml
Summary
Microsatellites (Ellegren et al, 2004) are DNA regions with repeat units that are 2 to 7 bp in length or most generally short tandem repeats (STRs) or simple sequence repeats (SSRs). The classification of the DNA sequences is determined by the length of the core repeat unit and the number of adjacent repeat units. Length and sequence polymorphisms (Silvia et al, 2009) may be found within the DNA. DNA can be used to study human evolution. Information from DNA typing are important for medicolegal matters with polymorphisms leading to more biological studies (Walkinshaw et al, 1996). Since the STR markers are important for human identification purposes (Carolina et al, 2010), the number of repeats can be highly variable among individuals and can be used for identification purposes
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