Abstract
Human trafficking in this era has been conceptualized as a global event that is likened to slavery because of the inhumane treatment that the victims go through. The scope and the criminal aspect of it demands police initiative to curb the menace. The current researcher used semi-structured qualitative interview, direct observation, and review of documents to gather data from Ghana Police Service and some anti-human trafficking institutions in Ghana to identify the nature, scope and responses to reduce or eradicate this menace that has detrimental effect on the people of Ghana, as a case study. Contemporarily, in terms of origin, destination and transit of people to engage in this criminal act, the menace put Ghana into Tier Two Watch-List classification in 2015 on the international level. Human trafficking in Ghana was characterized as violence, debt bondage, exploitation, deprivation of the freedom of the victims, and confiscation of travelling and other documents. The study revealed that the government of Ghana had put in only a minimal effort to curb the menace, and that the trafficking of people had created a security concern that the police must be apt to control. There is a recommendation that the Government of Ghana puts in maximal effort to educate the people and equip the Police service in Ghana to enable the service take tough action to ensure the maximum implementation of the regulations against human trafficking. Key words: Human trafficking, Ghana, policing, inhumane treatment, criminalization, border crime.
Highlights
Human trafficking is a global problem and it is an issue of human exploitation that creates instability and corrupts the chain of manpower supply in many countries
The documents reviewed from the office revealed that in 2013 Ghana was branded as a country of origin, transit, and destination for human trafficking belonging to Tier 2 classification by the international body seeking to combat the menace of human trafficking globally
In 2015, Ghana was branded to belong to Tier 2 Watch-List group of human trafficking that was associated with violence, debt bondage, exploitation and deprivation of the freedom of the victims, confiscation of travelling and other documents
Summary
Human trafficking is a global problem and it is an issue of human exploitation that creates instability and corrupts the chain of manpower supply in many countries. Human trafficking, regarded as one of transnational organized crimes in recent times by the United Nations, is rated as the second heinous crime in the world (Kempadoo et al., 2015; Shelley and Lee, 2007). It requires the effort of governments, non-governmental agencies, and the world as a whole to come together with a common front in dealing with the menace of human trafficking (Tyldum and Brunovskis, 2005; Laczko and Gramegna, 2003). In Malaysia, the major human trafficking problem confronting the police concerns trans-border security that prompted the police to strengthen their maritime governance to control the influx of illegals to curtail public corruption fueled by human trafficking (Stanslas, 2010)
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