Abstract
Bacteria inhabiting soil play a role in conservation and restoration biology of higher organisms. The salt affected soils are dominated by many types of halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms, spread over a large number of phylogenetic groups. These microbes have potential for plant growth promotion and release of enzymes under salt stress. Halophiles have thus potential to remediate salt affected soils, enhancing plant growth and yield under high salt containing soils where plant growth is restricted. This eco-friendly approach for bio-remediation of salt affected soils to optimize crop yields under stress through halophiles has gained importance among researchers in recent past. Key words: Halophiles, bio-remediation, saline soils, salt tolerant bacteria.
Highlights
Life exists over the whole range of salt concentrations encountered in natural habitats: from freshwater environments to hypersaline lakes or seas, and other places saturated with respect to sodium chloride especially saline and saline-alkali soils
Different enzymes of halotolerant and halophilic micro-organisms isolated from saline soils have been described and a number of new possibilities for industrial processes have emerged due to their overall inherent stability at high salt concentrations
Mosseae was the most efficient fungus in terms of olive tree performance and in the protection offered against the detrimental effects of salinity. These findings suggest that the capability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in protecting plants from the detrimental effects of salt stress may depend on the behaviour of each species
Summary
The salt affected soils are dominated by many types of halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms, spread over a large number of phylogenetic groups. These microbes have potential for plant growth promotion and release of enzymes under salt stress. Halophiles have potential to remediate salt affected soils, enhancing plant growth and yield under high salt containing soils where plant growth is restricted. This eco-friendly approach for bio-remediation of salt affected soils to optimize crop yields under stress through halophiles has gained importance among researchers in recent past
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